top of page

point of reference



an astrophysicist’s quest for
authentic christianity and patristic credibility
In these blogs, I endeavor to articulate the essential purpose of establishing a coherent worldview capable of addressing four fundamental questions of life: origin, meaning, morality, and destiny. Such a worldview must provide a robust apologetic that withstands the most rigorous critiques from philosophy, theology, science, astrophysics, and other academic disciplines. Regardless of whether one's worldview is rooted in Judeo-Christian, Islamic, or pantheistic traditions, the claims made in response to these questions must correspond to objective reality and exhibit logical coherence.


“Written on the Gates of Heaven”: Divine Sovereignty and Human Responsibility in the Doctrinal Tensions Between Calvinism and Arminianism
The debate over divine sovereignty and human responsibility remains one of the most enduring and complex issues in Christian theology....

Wesley Jacob
May 224 min read


A Theoretical Dialogue Between Contemporary Bishops and the Founders of Methodism: An Examination of Doctrinal and Practical Discrepancies and Departures
I. Establishing the Theological Context and Framework Historical Roots and Methodological Approach The 18th-century Methodist...

Wesley Jacob
Apr 2214 min read


Deconstructing Relativism, Postmodernism, and the Crisis of Objective Truth in Theology and Society: Molto Homo Mensura
I. Introduction This paper critically examines the philosophical principle of Molto Homo mensura (man is the measure of all things) in...

Wesley Jacob
Feb 1170 min read


From Persecution to Primacy: How Rome Became the Epicenter of Christianity
The transformation of Christianity from a persecuted sect within the Roman Empire to its dominant religious institution is one of the...

Wesley Jacob
Jan 2044 min read


Which Came First? The Bible or the Church? Understanding Christianity Before the Canonization of Scripture
1. Purpose of the Study Christianity’s foundational texts, revered as Scripture today, emerged from a dynamic interplay of historical...

Wesley Jacob
Jan 853 min read


When Depression Meets God: A Theological, Existential, and Neuroscientific Exploration of Ecclesiastes
This paper explores the theological insights of Ecclesiastes as a framework for understanding depression and emotional regulation,...

Wesley Jacob
Jan 329 min read


The New Year: A Theological Reflection on Renewal, Purpose, and Cosmic Perspectives
This paper integrates theological reflection, philosophical inquiry, and the latest developments in astrophysics to explore the New Year...

Wesley Jacob
Dec 30, 202413 min read


The Ministry of Thorns and Pastoral Ministry in the Postmodern Relativistic Context
This paper investigates the theology of suffering through the lens of Paul’s “thorn in the flesh” (2 Corinthians 12:7-10), juxtaposing it...

Wesley Jacob
Dec 29, 20246 min read


Faith in the Crucible of Suffering: A Theological, Medical, and Practical Exploration of Theodicy
Faith, as both a theological virtue and existential force, operates at the nexus of divine mystery and human frailty. This paper...

Wesley Jacob
Dec 26, 20248 min read


The Incarnation of Christ in a Postmodern Relativistic Context: A Theological Analysis
This paper investigates the Incarnation of Christ—the eternal Word ( Logos ) becoming flesh (John 1:14)—in the context of postmodern...

Wesley Jacob
Dec 23, 202412 min read


Logos Christology and Worship: A Theological and Liturgical Synthesis for Contemporary Ecclesial Renewal
This paper explores the intersection of Logos Christology and worship, a theological dialogue that holds significant implications for the...

Wesley Jacob
Dec 20, 202411 min read


Eternity Steps Into Time: The Profound Theology of Isaiah 9:6 and the Incarnation
Isaiah 9:6 encapsulates one of the most profound mysteries of Christian theology: “For to us a child is born, to us a Son is given.” This...

Wesley Jacob
Dec 18, 202410 min read


Divine Majesty in the Mundane : The Incarnation
The Incarnation of Christ is the central mystery of Christian theology, where divinity and humanity converge in the person of Jesus. This...

Wesley Jacob
Dec 18, 20249 min read


Amplifying the Unheard: A Critical Examination of Woke Ideology Through the Lens of Postmodern and Theological Critiques
Woke ideology, emerging from the intersection of postmodernism and contemporary identity politics, has become a dominant cultural force...

Wesley Jacob
Dec 11, 20247 min read


Bureaucracy, Taxpayer Dollars, and Patristic Reflections: A Multi-Dimensional Scholarly Analysis
The intersection of political bureaucracy, taxpayer accountability, and theological principles provides a rich terrain for...

Wesley Jacob
Nov 28, 20249 min read


The Wesleyan Revival, Patristic Theology, Astrophysics, and Postmodernism: An Interdisciplinary Exploration
The Wesleyan revival, a theological movement rooted in the doctrines of holiness and grace, stands as a beacon of renewal in the...

Wesley Jacob
Nov 28, 20245 min read


The Wesleyan Revival in Dialogue with Astrophysics: Expanding the Horizons of Holiness and Science
The eighteenth-century Wesleyan revival, with its theological focus on holiness, grace, and ecclesial renewal, is a movement rich in...

Wesley Jacob
Nov 28, 20245 min read


The Wesleyan Revival in Dialogue with Patristic and Medieval Theology: A Scholarly Analysis
The Wesleyan revival, catalyzed by John and Charles Wesley, cannot be fully appreciated without situating its theological contributions...

Wesley Jacob
Nov 28, 20246 min read


John Wesley and the United Methodist Church Today: A Theological Divide
John Wesley, the founder of Methodism, was a theologian of profound conviction, rooted in a commitment to scriptural holiness, personal...

Wesley Jacob
Nov 28, 20245 min read


The Shepherd of Hermas: Patristic Hybridity, Subaltern Marginality, and Christological Silence
Abstract Emerging from the socio-political complexities of second-century Rome, The Shepherd of Hermas serves as a profound...

Wesley Jacob
Nov 27, 202410 min read
bottom of page