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an astrophysicist’s quest for
authentic christianity and patristic credibility
In this blog, I endeavor to articulate the essential purpose of establishing a coherent worldview capable of addressing four fundamental questions of life: origin, meaning, morality, and destiny. Such a worldview must provide a robust apologetic that withstands the most rigorous critiques from philosophy, theology, science, astrophysics, and other academic disciplines. Regardless of whether one's worldview is rooted in Judeo-Christian, Islamic, or pantheistic traditions, the claims made in response to these questions must correspond to objective reality and exhibit logical coherence.


Wesley Jacob
Jan 2654 min read
Progressive Christianity versus Patristic Orthodoxy and the Contemporary United Methodist Church
I. Introduction 1. Theological Scope and Focus Progressive Christianity and Patristic Orthodoxy represent two divergent trajectories...


Wesley Jacob
Dec 30, 202413 min read
The New Year: A Theological Reflection on Renewal, Purpose, and Cosmic Perspectives
This paper integrates theological reflection, philosophical inquiry, and the latest developments in astrophysics to explore the New Year...


Wesley Jacob
Dec 26, 20248 min read
Faith in the Crucible of Suffering: A Theological, Medical, and Practical Exploration of Theodicy
Faith, as both a theological virtue and existential force, operates at the nexus of divine mystery and human frailty. This paper...


Wesley Jacob
Dec 18, 202410 min read
Eternity Steps Into Time: The Profound Theology of Isaiah 9:6 and the Incarnation
Isaiah 9:6 encapsulates one of the most profound mysteries of Christian theology: “For to us a child is born, to us a Son is given.” This...


Wesley Jacob
Dec 17, 202412 min read
The Shepherd of Hermas and the Wesleyan Revival for Contemporary Ecclesial Renewal: A Comparative and Contextual Analysis of Sanctification, Repentance, and Communal Holiness
Abstract This study offers a robust, interdisciplinary analysis of The Shepherd of Hermas , a seminal text in patristic theology, and...


Wesley Jacob
Nov 29, 20249 min read
Theological Absolutes, Postmodernism, and Astrophysics: Reconciling Cosmic Perspectives and Divine Revelation
Contextualizing 2 Timothy 4:1–8 in a Postmodern and Cosmological Framework Paul’s exhortation in 2 Timothy 4:1–8 to “preach the Word”...


Wesley Jacob
Nov 28, 20249 min read
Bureaucracy, Taxpayer Dollars, and Patristic Reflections: A Multi-Dimensional Scholarly Analysis
The intersection of political bureaucracy, taxpayer accountability, and theological principles provides a rich terrain for...


Wesley Jacob
Nov 28, 20245 min read
The Wesleyan Revival, Patristic Theology, Astrophysics, and Postmodernism: An Interdisciplinary Exploration
The Wesleyan revival, a theological movement rooted in the doctrines of holiness and grace, stands as a beacon of renewal in the...


Wesley Jacob
Nov 28, 20245 min read
The Wesleyan Revival in Dialogue with Astrophysics: Expanding the Horizons of Holiness and Science
The eighteenth-century Wesleyan revival, with its theological focus on holiness, grace, and ecclesial renewal, is a movement rich in...


Wesley Jacob
Nov 26, 202410 min read
The Shepherd of Hermas: Patristic Hybridity, Subaltern Marginality, and Christological Silence
Abstract Emerging from the socio-political complexities of second-century Rome, The Shepherd of Hermas serves as a profound...


Wesley Jacob
Nov 20, 202412 min read
Theological Epistemology and Textual Integrity: A Critical Examination of the Bible’s Transmission and Preservation Across Historical Epochs
Introduction: A Sacred Trust in Textual Integrity The question of whether the Bible has been fundamentally altered over time is a...


Wesley Jacob
Nov 16, 202410 min read
The Wesleyan Revival: An Interdisciplinary Exploration of Holiness, Grace, and Modern Intellectual Paradigms
Abstract The Wesleyan revival, characterized by its emphasis on scriptural holiness and transformative grace, stands as a profound moment...


Wesley Jacob
Nov 12, 202410 min read
Kerygma and Myth: Dialectic of the Sacred—An Assessment of Heidegger and Bultmann
Introduction: Interrogating Kerygma, Myth, and Hermeneutical Authenticity The intersection of kerygma (the core proclamation of the...


Wesley Jacob
Nov 12, 202412 min read
Jacques Derrida: Religion and Questions of Faith in the Resurgence of World Religions Amid Postmodernity’s Rise
Derrida and the Postmodern Condition Jacques Derrida’s philosophy, particularly his deconstructionist framework, stands as a significant...


Wesley Jacob
Oct 12, 20246 min read
Justin Martyr: The Unapologetic Apologist Who Preferred Truth to Life
The life and theology of Justin Martyr, a second-century Christian apologist, occupies a seminal place in early Christian thought. His...


Wesley Jacob
Oct 11, 20244 min read
Marcus Aurelius: Plato’s Stoic Philosopher Emperor
Marcus Aurelius, the Roman emperor from 161 to 180 CE, occupies a singular position in the annals of philosophy and political governance....


Wesley Jacob
Oct 11, 20248 min read
The Beginnings of Christianity: From the End of the Apostolic Age to the Nicene Creed
The historical development of Christianity from the end of the Apostolic Age to the formulation of the Nicene Creed (325 AD) represents...


Wesley Jacob
Oct 11, 20247 min read
The Shepherd of Hermas: The Subaltern Embryonic in Ante-Nicene Patristics
The Shepherd of Hermas , an early Christian literary work, occupies a unique space in the canon of Ante-Nicene patristic writings. Its...


Wesley Jacob
Oct 10, 20247 min read
The Theological Synthesis and Imaginative Legacy of C.S. Lewis, G.K. Chesterton, and J.R.R. Tolkien: A Comparative Analysis of Their Contributions to Christian Thought and Literary Theology
The theological and imaginative works of C.S. Lewis, G.K. Chesterton, and J.R.R. Tolkien represent a unique synthesis of Christian...
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